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第1篇: 大学英语六级阅读理解专题训练

　　Passage One More than a decade ago, cognitivescientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz, both then at VanderbiltUniversity, found that what distinguished young adults from children was notthe ability to retain facts or apply prior knowledge to a new situation but aquality they called “preparation for future learning.” The researchers askedfifth graders and college students to create a recovery plan to protect baldeagles from extinction. Shockingly, the two groups came up with plans ofsimilar quality( although the college students had better spelling skills).From the standpoint of a traditional educator, this outcome indicated that schoolingand failed to help students think about ecosystems and extinction, majorscientific ideas. The researchers decided to go deeper,however. They asked both groups to generate questions about important issuesneed to create recovery plans. On this task, they found large differences.College students focused on critical issues of interdependence between eaglesand their habitats(栖息地). Fifth graderstended to focus on features of individual eagles(“How big are they?” and “Whatdo they eat?”). The college students had cultivated the ability to askquestions, the cornerstone of critical thinking. They had learned how to learn. Museums and other institutions ofinformal learning may be better suited to teach this skill than elementary andsecondary schools. At the Exploratorium in San Francisco, we recently studiedhow learning to ask good questions can affect the quality of people’sscientific inquiry. We found that when we taught participants to ask “What if?”and “How can?” questions that nobody present would know the answer to and thatwould spark exploration, they engaged in better inquiry at the next exhibit—asking more questions, performing more experiments and making betterinterpretations of their results. Specifically, their questions became more comprehensiveat the new exhibit. Rather than merely asking about something they wanted totry, they tended to include both cause and effect in their question. Askingjuicy questions appears to be a transferable skill for deepening collaborativeinquiry into the science content found in exhibits. This type of learning is not confinedto museums or institutional settings. Informal learning environments toleratefailure better than schools. Perhaps many teachers have too little time toallow students to form and pursue their own questions and too much ground tocover in the curriculum. But people must acquire this skill somewhere. Oursociety depends on them being able to make critical decisions about their ownmedical treatment, say, or what we must do about global energy needs anddemands. For that, we have a robust informal learning system that gives nogrades, takes all comers, and is available even on holidays and weekends.

　　56. What is traditional educators’interpretation of the research outcome mentioned in the first paragraph?A) Students are notable to apply prior knowledge to new problems.B) College studentsare no better than fifth grader in memorizing facts.C) Education has notpaid enough attention to major environmental issues.D) Education hasfailed to lead students to think about major scientific ideas.

　　57. In what way are college studentsdifferent from children?A) They have learned to thinkcritically.B) They are concerned about socialissues.C) They are curious about specificfeatures.D) They have learned to workindependently.

　　58. What is the benefit of askingquestions with no ready answers?A) It arousesstudents’ interest in things around them.B) It cultivatesstudents’ ability to make scientific inquiries.C) It trains students’ability to design scientific experiments.D) It helps studentsrealize not every question has an answer.

　　59. What is said to be the advantageof informal learning?A) It allows forfailures.B) It charges notuition.C) It isentertaining.D) It meetspractical needs.

　　60. What does the author seem toencourage educators to do at the end of the passage?A) Train students tothink about global issues.B) Design moreinteractive classroom activities.C) Make full use ofinformal learning resources.D) Includecollaborative inquiry in the curriculum

第2篇: 大学英语六级阅读理解专题训练

　　In the last two hundred years there have been great changes in the method of production of goods. This is now also true of the building industry; for mechanization has been introduced. System building can save both time and money. The principle of system building is that the building is made from a set of standard units. These are either made at the building-site or at a factory. Some designers, in fact, are standardizing the dimensions of rooms. They are made in multiples of a single fixed length, usually ten centimeters. This is called a modular (标准件的) system, and it means that manufactures can produce standardized fittings at a lower cost. The most important fact about system building is its speed. A ten-storey flat, for example, can be completed in four months.

　　There are several new methods of system building. One is the panel method. In this case, the construction company sometimes erects a factory on the site. The walls and floors of the building, called panels, are cast in a horizontal or vertical position. Conduits for electrical wires and sleeves for pipes are cast in the panels when they are being made. The moulds for making these castings are situated all around the building.

　　After the concrete panels are cast, they are allowed to set and harden for a week. Next they are lifted by a tower crane on to any section of the building. There the panels are cemented together at their joints and the floor covering is laid.

　　After the panels have been cemented together, the crane lifts a case into the area. It contains all the fittings to be installed, such as wash-basins, radiators and pipes. Finishing tradesmen, such as plumbers, plasterers, painters and electricians, follow behind to complete the work.

　　In some building developments, in some countries, whole flats with internal features like their bathrooms, bedrooms and connecting stairs, and weighing as much as twenty tons, are carried to the building-site ready-made. A giant overhead crane is used to lift them into position. In the future, this method may become more widespread.

　　1. The main difference between panel method and the method discussed in the last paragraph is_______.

　　A. the latter uses ready-made internal features

　　B. panels are cast in a level position

　　C. the former is used to build walls and floors while the latter to construct bathrooms or bedrooms

　　D. the former is more expensive than the latter

　　2. Which of these statements is TRUE of system building?

　　A. It employs more men. B. It is difficult and dangerous.

　　C. It can save both time and money. D. It means less mechanization.

　　3. According to the passage, the principle of system building is that_______.

　　A. construction methods are safer

　　B. buildings are made from a set of standardized units

　　C. similar buildings can be produced

　　D. all units are produced on the site

　　4. The usual fixed length in the modular system is_______.

　　A. twenty centimeters B. ten millimeters

　　C. fifty centimeters D. ten centimeters

　　5. What lifts the concrete panels onto the building?

　　A. Cranes. B. Man-power.

　　C. Pulleys. D. Hydraulic jacks.

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